Grosor corneal en una muestra de adultos de la población chilena / Corneal thickness in a sample of adults of the chilean population

The central corneal thickness (CCT) is crucial to the estimation of the intraocular pressure (IOP). There are variations among different populations. The objective of the present job was to determine de CCT in a sample of Chilean population. The sample was taken at random from patients attending the office of an ophthalmologist of the Clinical Hospital of the University of Chile. The patients age ranged between 15 and 65 years. We discarded patients with IOP over 21 mm Hg, Spherical Equivalent greater than 6 diopters or with ophthalmological local treatment. The CCT was measured using ulotrasonographyc pachymeter. We enrolled 127 patients and analized 253 eyes. The CCT average was 537,70 μm 39.34 um with an standard deviation of 32.09 um. The CCT of the studied population was less than the reported in Spanish populations in USA, greater Japanese and Afro-Americans and less than Europeans and Chinese. It is important to consider the ethnic variation of the CCT in our population regarding its effect in the correction of the IO.

Sífilis ocular: Presentación de diez casos y revisión de la literatura / Ocular syphilis: Ten new cases and review of the literature

Introduction: Ocular manifestations in patients with syphilis may involve almost any of the structures of the eye. Objectives: To describe ten new cases of syphilis with eye involvement and to briefly discuss the management and therapy of such condition. Material and Methods: Ten cases were retrospectively studied over 13 years. Demographic factors, ophthalmologic examination, and laboratory tests were assessed. Results: Seven of the 10 cases were male and 3 were female. The mean age of patients was 39,7 years. Disease presentation included: panuveitis (6 patients), optic neuritis (3), retinal vasculitis (1) and Argyll-Robertson pupil (1). Cerebrospinal fluid VDRL test was positive in 6 patients and 3 patients were HIV (+). Conclusions: Syphilis is able to display diverse ophthalmologic manifestations. Not in all the cases the CSF-VDRL test was positive. Antitreponemal therapy generates a fast and effective response in the affected patients.

Introducción: Las manifestaciones oculares de los pacientes con sífilis pueden comprometer cualquiera de las estructuras del ojo. Objetivos: Describir diez nuevos casos de sífilis con compromiso ocular y realizar una breve discusión de su manejo y tratamiento. Pacientes y Métodos: Se estudiaron, de forma retrospectiva, diez casos en un período de 13 años. Se evaluaron factores demográficos, exámenes oftalmológico y de laboratorio. Resultados: De los diez casos, 7 eran hombres y 3 mujeres. El promedio de edad fue de 39,7 años. Las presentaciones fueron: panuveítis (n: 6), neuritis óptica (n: 3), vasculitis retinal (n: 1) y pupila de Argyll-Robertson (n: 1). Se obtuvo VDRL (+) en líquido cefalorraquídeo en 6 pacientes y serología para VIH (+) en 3 pacientes. Conclusiones: La sífilis puede producir variadas manifestaciones oftalmológicas. No en todos los casos el VDRL resultó positivo en el LCR. El tratamiento anti-treponémico produce una rápida y efectiva respuesta en los pacientes afectados.